Active Directory
Planted
Active Directory provides a centralised identity store. It is a DB (ntds.dit) plus some services running on it.
It uses X.500 for the structure (the how) of the data. This is defined in the schema. We get Organizational Units as a result of this. An AD Objects stays in these OUs.
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logical containers to give structure/hierarchy to objects in AD
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To talk to a domain, or AD we need a protocol - LDAP.